【英文标准名称】:Plastics-Instrumentaldeterminationofradiantexposureinweatheringtests-Generalguidanceandbasictestmethod
【原文标准名称】:塑料气候试验中辐射曝露的仪器测定一般指南和基本试验方法
【标准号】:ISO9370-1997
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:1997-10
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际标准化组织(IX-ISO)
【起草单位】:ISO/TC61
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:一般条件;太阳辐射;定义;效应;辐照;试验;环境试验;塑料;辐射;测定;风化
【英文主题词】:Definitions;Determination;Effects;Environmentaltesting;Generalconditions;Irradiation;Plastics;Radiation;Solarradiation;Tests;Weathering
【摘要】:1ThisInternationalStandardspecifiesmethodsfortheinstrumentalmeasurementofirradianceonaplanarsurface.Thisincludesbothnaturalandsimulatednaturalexposuretesting.2Instrumentaltechniquesincludethecontinuousmeasurementoftotalsolarandspectralsolarirradiance(withemphasisontheultravioletwavelengthregion),andtheaccumulation(orintegration)ofinstantaneousdatatoprovideatotalradiantexposure(dosage).3Exposureinapparatususingartificiallightsourcessometimesrequiresmeasurementofirradianceandradiantexposureatspecifiedwavelengthsinordertomonitorand,ifrequired,controltheirradianceonaplanarsurfaceand/ortodefinequantitativelytheexposurestagesofanexposedspecimen.Typically,measurementsofradiationinthe290nmto400nmband,ornarrow-bandmeasurementswithcentrewavelengthsat,forexample,340nmor420nm,arerequired.However,incontrasttonaturalexposureconditions,radiationofwavelengthsshorterthan300nmispresentinmostlightsourcesusedinlaboratoryacceleratedtests,andisknowntocauserapiddegradationinmanypolymers.Inaddition,radiationoflongerwavelengthscanbeveryimportantinproductdegradationsuchascolourfade.Therefore,itmaybeveryusefultomonitorshort-wavelengthradiationoflessthan300nmandlong-wavelengthradiationatwavelengthsgreaterthan400nm.4ThisInternationalStandarddeesnotspecifyproceduresusingbluewoolstandards,chemicalactinometry,monochromatorsorpolymericandotherfilmdosimetry.NOTE1Thisshouldnotbeconstruedtoimplythatsuchtechniquesareundesirable.Effortsareunderwayinseveralcountriestodeveloppolymericdosimetersforthispurpose.NOTE2Monochromatorsareusuallyusedinspectroradiometricsystemswherehigh-resolutionprecisionscanningofapassbandisrequired.5ThetotalsolarandsolarultravioletradiationmeasuringinstrumentsdescribedinthisInternationalStandardcanbeusedinthefollowingexposuretests:a)NaturalexposuretestsMeasurementoftotalsolarandsolarultravioletradiationusingtheinstrumentsandproceduresspecifiedinthisInternationalStandardwillimprovethecomparabilityofexposuretestsconductedatdifferenttimesinasinglelocation.Itmayalsoimprovethecomparabilityofresultsobtainedindifferentlocationswithsimilarclimates.However,comparisonofresultsfromexposuresindifferentlocationsmustalsoconsidertheeffectsoftemperature,moistureandotherclimaticfactorsonthetypeandrateofproductdegradationaswellasthelevelofsolarradiation.NOTE3Whiletheinstrumentperformancedatadescribedintables1and2maybeconsideredasaspecification,especiallyforinstrumentsthatmeasuretotalsolarradiation,instrumentscurrentlyavailableformeasurementofsolarultravioletradiationmaynotmeetalloftheperformancefeatureslisted.b)ComparisonbetweennaturalexposureandlaboratoryacceleratedtestsMeasurementsofultravioletand/orvisibleradiationusingtheinstrumentsandproceduresspecifiedinthisInternationalStandardmayaidincomparingresultsfromartificialacceleratedtestswiththosefromnaturalexposure.Whenthisisdone,comparisonshouldbemadeinseveralpassbands.Comparingtheradiationinashort-wavelengthUVpassbandisnecessarytogaugetherelativeseverityoftheexposureandtoestimatetheriskthattheacceleratedtestmightproducedegradationreactionsthatwouldnotoccurinanaturalexposure.Theintensityandspectraldistributionoftheradiationusedinacceleratedtestsisonlyonefactorindeterminingthecomparabilityofresultsobtainedinnaturalexposures.Onemustalsoconsidertemperature,moistureandotherclimaticfactors(notablypollutioneffects)whenmakingthesecomparisons.Becauseofdifferencesbetweenamaterial'sresponsetoincreasedradiationlevelsandpossible
【中国标准分类号】:G31
【国际标准分类号】:83_080_01
【页数】:13P;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Plainbearings-Testingofthetribologicalbehaviourofbearingmaterials-Part2:Testingofpolymer-basedbearingmaterials
【原文标准名称】:滑动轴承轴承材料摩擦特性试验第2部分:聚合物基体轴承材料试验
【标准号】:ISO7148-2-1999
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:1999-11
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际标准化组织(IX-ISO)
【起草单位】:ISO/TC123
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:符号;试验结果;系数;轴承;摩擦试验;滑动轴承;摩擦学;轴承材料;材料;摩擦;塑料制品;润滑;塑料;测试表面;试验;磨损
【英文主题词】:Bearingmaterial;Bearings;Coefficients;Friction;Frictiontests;Lubrication;Materials;Plainbearings;Plastics;Plasticsproducts;Symbols;Testresults;Testsurfaces;Testing;Tests;Tribology;Wear
【摘要】:ThispartofISO7148specifiestribologicaltestsofpolymer-basedplainbearingmaterialsunderspecifiedworkingconditions,i.e.load,slidingvelocityandtemperature,withandwithoutlubrication.Fromthetestresults,dataareobtainedwhichindicatetherelativetribologicalbehaviourofmetal-polymerandpolymer-polymerrubbingparts.ThepurposeofthispartofISO7148istoobtain,forpolymermaterialcombinationsusedinplainbearings,reproduciblemeasuredvaluesforfrictionandwearunderspecifiedandexactly-definedtestconditionswithoutlubrication(drysurfaces)andwithlubrication(boundarylubrication).Thetestresultsgiveusefulinformationforpracticalapplicationonlyifallparametersofinfluenceareidentical.Themorethetestconditionsdeviatefromtheactualapplicationthegreaterwillbetheuncertaintyoftheapplicabilityoftheresults.
【中国标准分类号】:J12
【国际标准分类号】:21_100_10
【页数】:19P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语